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Metal extraction from power plant slag

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Metal extraction from power plant slag

Power plant slag refers to the mineral residue generated during the coal-fired power generation process, which contains a large amount of metal elements such as iron, copper, zinc, aluminum, etc. And these metal elements can be extracted and recycled. This article will introduce the methods and steps of extracting metals from power plant slag.

1、 Method for extracting metals from power plant slag

There are two main methods for extracting metals from power plant slag: wet method and dry method.

电厂炉渣提炼金属 wet process refers to the mixing of power plant slag with chemical reagents such as acids or alkalis, causing metal elements to undergo chemical reactions with the reagents, and then separating the metal elements through steps such as filtration and precipitation.

Dry method refers to the direct high-temperature reduction or oxidation roasting treatment of power plant slag after crushing, grinding, etc., to separate metal elements.

2、 Steps for extracting metal from power plant slag

1. Slag pretreatment

Firstly, it is necessary to pre-treat the slag of the power plant. The purpose of pre-treatment is to remove impurities from the slag, making it easier for the metal elements in the slag to be extracted.

The pre-treatment methods include screening, grinding, washing, etc.

2. Refining Metals

The methods of extracting metals vary depending on the different metal elements.

Taking iron as an example, two methods can be used: wet extraction and dry extraction.

The steps for wet refining iron are as follows:

(1) Mix the slag with acid reagents such as hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid to make iron react with reagents to produce Iron(III) chloride or Iron(III) sulfate.

(2) Separate Iron(III) chloride or Iron(III) sulfate through filtration, precipitation and other steps.

(3) The separated Iron(III) chloride or Iron(III) sulfate is reduced to obtain pure iron.

The steps for dry refining iron are as follows:

(1) After crushing and grinding the slag, it is placed in a high-temperature reduction furnace.

(2) In a high-temperature reduction furnace, the slag is reduced to iron.

3. Metal recycling

After extracting the metal, it needs to be recycled.

The recovery methods include smelting, electrolysis, etc.

Taking copper as an example, two methods can be used: smelting and electrolysis.

The steps of the smelting method are as follows:

电厂炉渣提炼金属 (1) Mix the extracted copper slag with limestone and place it in a furnace for smelting.

In a furnace, copper slag is reduced to pure copper.

The steps of the electrolysis method are as follows:

(1) Dissolve the extracted copper slag in sulfuric acid to generate copper ions.

(2) Reduce copper ions into pure copper by electrolysis.

3、 Conclusion

Through the above steps, the metal elements in the slag of the power plant can be extracted and recycled. This not only reduces resource waste, but also reduces environmental pollution. Therefore, extracting metals from power plant slag is a very promising technology.